Molybdenum Chemical & Physical Properties

Atomic Number: 42 Symbol: Mo Atomic Weight: 95.94 Discovery: Carl Wilhelm Scheele 1778 (Sweden) Electron Configuration: [Kr] 5s1 4d5 Element Classification: Transition Metal Word Origin: Greek molybdos, Latin molybdoena, German Molybdenum: lead Properties Molybdenum does not occur free in nature; it is usually found in molybdenite ore, MoS2, and wulfenite ore, PbMoO4. Molybdenum is also recovered as a by-product of copper and tungsten mining. It is a silvery-white metal of the chromium group. It is very hard and tough, but it is softer and more ductile than tungsten. It has a high elastic modulus. Of the readily-available metals, only tungsten and tantalum have higher melting points. Uses Molybdenum is an important alloying agent which contributes to the hardenability and toughness of quenched and tempered steels. It also improves the strength of steel at high temperatures. It is used in certain heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloys. Ferro-molybdenum is used to add hardness and toughness to gun barrels, boilers plates, tools, and armor plate. Almost all ultra-high strength steels contain 0.25% to 8% molybdenum. Molybdenum is used in nuclear energy applications and for missile and aircraft parts. Molybdenum oxidizes at elevated temperatures. Some molybdenum compounds are used to color pottery and fabrics. Molybdenum is used to make filament supports in incandescent lamps and as filaments in other electrical devices. The metal has found application as electrodes for electrically-heated glass furnaces. Molybdenum is valuable as a catalyst in the refining of petroleum. The metal is an essential trace element in plant nutrition. Molybdenum sulfide is u sed as a lubricant, particularly at high temperatures where oils would decompose. Molybdenum forms salts with valencies of 3, 4, or 6, but the hexavalent salts are the most stable. Molybdenum Physical Data Density (g/cc): 10.22 Melting Point (K): 2890 Boiling Point (K): 4885 Appearance: silvery white, hard metal Atomic Radius (pm): 139 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 9.4 Covalent Radius (pm): 130 Ionic Radius: 62 (6e) 70 (4e) Specific Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 0.251 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 28 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): ~590 Debye Temperature (K): 380.00 Pauling Negativity Number: 2.16 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 684.8 Oxidation States: 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 0 Lattice Structure: Body-Centered Cubic Lattice Constant (Ã…): 3.150 Sources CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics, 18th Ed.Crescent Chemical Company, 2001.Langes Handbook of Chemistry, 1952.Los Alamos National Laboratory, 2001.

Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development - 1573 Words

I believe in order to tell one’s own story; one must first have a clear and concise vantage point from which he or she would like the reader to acknowledge. Erikson s stages of psychosocial development are somewhat of a biography of eight imperative stages throughout one’s life. This Psychoanalytical perspective starts at birth and continues to evolve throughout one’s life up until an individual’s untimely death. Now, as we know sometimes simple events and dates can become very tedious and mundane. To avoid trite; throughout this essay, I’m going to focus on pivotal junctions that have ultimately shaped me as a person, as well as focusing on the emotional and intellectual aspects of my development as it relates to my field of study. Albert Bandura (originator of Social Learning theory) stated â€Å"Psychology cannot tell people how they ought to live their lives. It can however, provide them with the means for effecting personal and social change.† I remember the first day of my Psychology course at Kutztown; my Professor asked our class why we wanted to become psychology majors. Not waiting for a response he said: â€Å"I believe most psychologists become psychologists to learn something about their selves.† I have never forgotten that response and I sat contemplating on that statement for the duration of the class. Anyone who knows me would agree that I have always been a bit of a strange guy. I have never been interested in sports; showed very little interest in cars, actionShow MoreRelatedErikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1647 Words   |  7 PagesRachel Getting Married is a movie about a drug addict who s coming home from rehab to attend her sister’s wedding. The main chara cter’s name is Kim. In the movie, she is shown to have many issues going on, ranging from an incomplete stage of Erikson s to symptoms of depression. Throughout the movie, she goes through many emotional turmoils and drama, which changes her behavior. Section A: Erikson’s stages of Psychosocial Development includes trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs shame and doubt, initiativeRead MoreErikson s Psychosocial Stages Of Development1014 Words   |  5 PagesIn your initial post, identify the original life story element you intend to change and explain how you intend to change it. Use Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development to explain Mila’s stage of development at the time this change takes place and address how the change affects Mila’s psychological development. If I had the opportunity to change anything in Mila’s story, I would change her work life. After Mila and Oliver got married and moved to a residence in a neighborhood just minutes awayRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1695 Words   |  7 Pages Erik Erikson was born in Frankfurt,, Germany, in 1902. He was raised by his mother and stepfather and never knew his biological father. Throughout his life he struggled with his identity and felt that his stepfather never fully accepted him. After meeting Anna Freud the daughter of Sigmund Freud in Vienna, he decided to pursue a career in psychoanalysis. He received a diploma from the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute however he never received a formal degree all of his knowledge was based on hisRead MoreErikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development Essay1327 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development from the ages of 12-18 adolescents are attempting to construct their identity; determining who they are, what they value, and where they fit in society (Berk, 2003, p. 314). For adolescents of color in the United States, this period of identity development takes place in an environment filled with what Young (2013, p. 43) called â€Å"the oppre ssion of violence.† Young wrote that the oppression of violence affects both those who have been directlyRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development953 Words   |  4 Pagesof eight parts to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. Erikson states that we progress through these eight stages of development in a fixed order with each stage involving a crucial event or predicament that must be overcome in order to progress to the proceeding stage. This event takes place during a critical period within the individual’s development, thus if it is negatively resolved then it will prevent optimal development into the following stages however if it is positively resolvedRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1318 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscussing is Erik Erikson’s ‘Stages of Psychosocial development’ theory and Diana Baumrinds ‘Parenting Styles’. Stages of Psychosocial development Erik Erikson’s theory emphasizes the search for identity during the adolescent years (Feldman, 2013). His ideas were greatly influenced by Freud, going along with Freud’s (1923) theory regarding the structure and topography of personality (McLeod, 2008). Erikson’s theory is broken down into eight different stages. The first stage is ‘Trust-vs.-mistrust’, whichRead MoreErikson s Psychosocial Stages Of Life Span Development Essay2564 Words   |  11 PagesErikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Life Span Development Case Study M is a 65-year-old female who grew up in the Waikato in a middle-classed family with eight other siblings, M was the third child and the first female born. Not know much about her early childhood, however, M remembers her mother was always in the kitchen cooking or baking, cleaning house, knitting and sewing. M’s mother often slept late most days, sometimes until noon and she was the stricter parent and a sharp temper. The childrenRead MoreErikson s Eight Stages Of Psychosocial Development1706 Words   |  7 PagesErikson’s Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development A follower in the footsteps of Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson agreed with Freud on certain aspects of development but differed in the psychological field. Unlike Freud, who believed human beings went through stages of psychosexual development, Erikson created his own stages focusing less on sexual pleasures and more on the psychosocial aspects of an individual from birth to late adulthood. Therefore, the psychosocial development focuses on how a personRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development891 Words   |  4 Pagesstill treat you like a child. Since high school, I’ve been interested in psychology, a topic many people engage in because as humans, we all naturally try to learn more about ourselves as a whole, but also as individuals. Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development mark the eight points people go through from infancy to elder hood. Based on Erikson’s theory, twenty year olds are at the end of adolescence where we wonder who we ar e and what we can be, as well as being at the beginning of early adulthoodRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1756 Words   |  8 PagesCurrent Developmental Stage: According to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, Neveah is in middle adolescence, which is focused on the conflict of identity verses role confusion (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). The developmental characteristics of middle adolescents include sexual identity, role experimentation, moral development, and self-discovery (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). Adolescents are evaluating how they fit into society and more specifically their social sphere. During this time,

The Technology Has One Of The Biggest Development Free Essays

It has become the first phone with multi- touch screen. Since this moment, a lot of other companies such as Samsung r ETCH tried to tackle Apple and outsell Phone. This has become the beginning of the famous confrontation between Android and ISO. We will write a custom essay sample on The Technology Has One Of The Biggest Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now R R R The latest model of Apple, Phone 55, was released in 201 3, 30 years ago after the first cellophane. It seems incredible how drastically changed the history of the mobile phones within 3 decades. From big and heavy brick it transformed into the small and convenient device with multi-touch screen R with the ability to download many different APS, and have a ton of many other options such s R easy access to the Internet in any time and place and, of course, a good camera R R You may not be the fan of the Apple, but there’s the one thing you should admit: they do start the trends. In 2010 Apple presented a brand legendary gadget -? Pad. And suddenly everyone wanted to have a tablet. And many variations with different Ox’s such as Android, Windows, and ISO is continuing to appear till today R The development of tablets made a real revolution. Almost 10 years ago appearing of the notebooks made needless cumbersome and inconvenient to carry personal computers. Nowadays, because of tablets even notebooks will stay in the past soon. R In 2013 Microsoft released the Surface, Windows-8-based newcomer to the tablet wars, which doubles as keyboard and allows this device to serve as notebook. So you have a table and a notebook in one device But technological progress touched not only phones and computers, it made the things that we couldn’t even imagine. R â€Å"The future is now’ – this is slogan of the Google Glass – the display of augmented reality which has the form of the glasses. R It means hat you can take a picture, record a video, send a message, make a phone call and use Google using only the glasses. It seems impossible but this is reality. R Another technical newcomer that becoming popular today is Smart Watch – a computerized wristwatch with functionality that is enhanced beyond timekeeping and have such functions as WI-IF, audio and video player, GAPS and many other. R As we see, for the 30 years gadgets literally became the part of our life. The technologies are rapidly developing R and every year they amaze us more and more. How to cite The Technology Has One Of The Biggest Development, Essays

Definition of an Organization free essay sample

If a couple of enthusiastic people plan and decide to help kids then they form an organization but, if a few people find a kid in trouble and helps the kid out (without conscious co-ordination and planning) then they dont form an organization. In Bedian and Zamnutos definition, deliberately structured activity systems basically means that the organizations are (on-purpose) structured so that it is possible to systematically divide complex tasks among multiple people or units to achieve a common purpose and permeable boundary is a conceptual boundary (apart from the physical fencing) that defines who/what is a part of an organization. This is also related to brand management. Effective Organization matters! There are a couple of guidelines that people have proposed and seems to be applied in most classical organizations(In classical organizations hierarchy of power and responsibility flow from top to bottom). †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Each person in the organization should report to only one boss. We will write a custom essay sample on Definition of an Organization or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The responsibility and authority of every supervisor should be expressed clearly in writing. Every person is responsible for the acts of her/his sub-ordinates. Every person should be assigned a single function (or as less functions as possible) based on specialization and skills of the person. The operation functions (line functions) and staff functions should be kept seperate but line managers and staffs managers should be encouraged to coordinate to boost synergy. The span of control should be reasonable and feasible. [Span of control means the number of positions controlled by one person (mostly a manager). Before we go ahead in our exploration of OB concepts, lets compare organizational structures (Mechanistic and Organic structures) and the comparison between centralization and decentralization. Mechanistic and Organic structures. Mechanistic is rigid, quite efficient bureaucracy which is reliable, stringent, logical, where responsibility is well documented and authority is legitimate. Organic structures are based more on humanistic models and needs of personnel which pays importance to emotional and social needs of people. It also doesnt have rigid, stringent norms and authority isnt very clear. Characteristics of an organization with a mechanistic structure : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Division of labor strictly through functional specialization. Rules that define the duties and rights of personnel should be clear and well-defined Procedures are pre-laid down to be used in different work situations. Relationships and dealings should be impersonal among people. Selection and promotion is based only on technical competence. Some people argue that mechanistic forms treat people like workers and fail to recognize the importance of psychological needs of people. Characteristics of Organizations which have an Organic structure: 1. Tasks and roles are less rigidly defined and there is little emphasis on formal specializations. 2. Atmosphere is collegial and hence there is more information exchange and discussion (instead of orders and directions). 3. Decision making is decentralized and decisions are taken on demand by people who are currently involved in the operations at hand (which also assumes that people at the top need not be the best person to decide for the problem at hand). 4. Boundaries inside the organization are flexible and horizontal relationships are encouraged across teams or departments who are equally important and/or responsive to the problem. Centralization and Decentralization. Centralization means that the authority for most decisions is concentrated at the top apex and in decentralization authority is delegated through all levels of the organization. As is the case mostly, neither is it possible to have a purely centralized organization except a very small company and it is also not possible to have complete decentralization.

Sociological Criticism Essay Essay Example

Sociological Criticism Essay Essay Name: Course: Institution: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Sociological Criticism Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sociological Criticism Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sociological Criticism Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Sociological Criticism Essay The Library of Babel written by Jorge Luis Borges is a story in which the writer attempts to envision the universe as a library consisting of a large variety of books that have been published using a unique format (Ackerley 171). The writer expresses his perception as the earth containing a large area that is occupied by hexagonal spaces of which each consists of requirements that are bare for the survival of humanity. Although the organization of various books is unsystematic and pointless, the occupants assume they consist of all the achievable arrangement of a few fundamental elements. One of the sociological theories found in this book is Mystery. This has been expressed by the author where he causes the readers to visualize an atmosphere of the unknown that consists of things that cannot be perceived in the realistic sense (Ackerley 171). For example, the author’s idea of the entire universe turning into a library can only be viewed in the imaginary sense and hardly in actuality because the earth consists of a lot more than just books including natural features such as plants and water that cater for other living organisms like animals. The second theory is on functionality, in which the author expects his imaginary library to consist of data that will be of immense use to the readers. He describes its usefulness as having futuristic information, biographies of any individual, and the data translated in all languages of the earth. This shows that the author values the imaginary library because of more of its functionality rather than its appearance. The author views the books that are currently being used in the world as useless and therefore, wants the imaginary library to have the functionality of providing information that has more value and meaning to the inhabitants of the earth. The other sociological theory found is purification, in which the author believes the futility of books to have left the librarians in a depressed state and hence believe in performing superstitious actions including destroying those books (Daniel 270). This is done to cleanse the meaninglessness in the library and is achieved by the librarians seeking a supernatural source known as the Crimson Hexagon. Figurative interaction is another theory in which the author believes that within the whole range books found in the library, there has to be one faultless book that has been read by a messianic body (Daniel 271). The author uses this symbolic language to express how he believes that in the midst of all the books he found meaningless, there is a certain book with supernatural influence, in which the librarians honor and seek. The social patterns displayed in the characters of this story appear as learned. This is because the author talks about librarians who have great enthusiasm in being acquainted with a high level of information and hence the reason why they feel the urge to make the library in being more useful. For example, the librarians are illustrated as being in a state of despair after realizing that the content in the library books is pointless. This shows their interest in becoming great-learned people. The librarian characters are also shown as being sacred in the scene where they seek for a supernatural source to guide them and give advice on how to transform the library from an empty state to a more purposeful and significant functionality of learning (Perla 17). The librarians also believe that the supernatural power exists in one unique book within the current library, which acts as a guide for referring the reader to useful information. The narrating character, used by the author to tell the story appears to be truly creative. This is evident in his concept of an imaginary library in which its elements are made of the entire universe. The creativity appears where the narrator expresses an idea that cannot be rationalized within the real world. The narrator also appears to be explorative since within the description of his imagination, he brings in the element of discovery where he expresses a particular result if his ideas were brought to life (Perla 17). For example, the narrator experiments by creating a scenario in which the whole universe would transform into a library that would provide all humankind with the information they needed. In addition, the narrator creates a scenario in which the information would include the biographies of each individual that existed on earth. The social patterns illustrated in the author’s culture include being learned or the educated culture. This is because of his background of working in an occupation, where he is surrounded by educative or learning materials. Jorge Luis Borges had various roles including being a poet, writer, essayist, librarian and a University lecturer. This shows that in his career, he was surrounded by various fields of education and hence his interest in being associated with his learned culture. Borges’ work shows that he is critical and selective. For example, criticism is shown where he despises the current libraries by regarding the information contained as useless. This is the reason he expresses his idea of creating a particular library that is much greater in terms of its provision of significant information. The author displays his critiquing selective behavior where he expresses his comments on the functionality of the current libraries. The author also appears to honor and acknowledge the value of education in the society. This is evident in the way he expresses education in the story to the extent of including some form of divine power controlling the impact of information provided by educative materials. Reference Ackerley, C. â€Å"Borges’s the Library of Babel and Jeans’s the Universe Around Us.† The Explicator. 63.3 (2005): 170-172. Print. Eilon, Daniel. â€Å"Swift Burning the Library of Babel.† The Modern Language Review. 80.2 (2007): 269-282. Print. Sasso?n-Henry, Perla. â€Å"Borges’ â€Å"the Library of Babel† and Moulthrop’s Cybertext â€Å"reagan Library† Revisited.† Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature. 60.2 (2006): 11-22. Print.

Doomsday essays

Doomsday essays The Divine Comedy is a tale of the Pilgrim (Dantes ego) beginning his travel through Hell (Inferno) and learning about sins pervasiveness. The torments of the sinners, who exist forever without hope of redemption or of an end to their suffering, graphically illustrate sins consequences. As the reader and Pilgrim move through the underworld, the shades they see and speak with provide physical examples of and exemplary lessons on the seven deadly sins. At the end of Inferno, the Pilgrim and reader are better able to recognize sin in its various forms and to avoid committing it. Salvation and further spiritual education are impossible without such knowledge. In the second section, Purgatorio, the Pilgrim and the pilgrim reader move up the Mountain of Purgatorio to the Garden of Eden at its peak. Along the way they learn the value of contrition and repentance, of having to suffer for causing suffering and for disobeying God. They learn this again by seeing and interacting with shades who represent the Seven Deadly Sins but who here exemplify the desire for contrition and repentance. The learning process concludes in the third section, Paradiso, where a plethora of saved souls appear to the Pilgrim and explain the workings of grace and Gods love to him. In this celestial region, the Pilgrim takes a series of what we might call oral exams which test his growing knowledge. Schooled by his experiences in the three regions, having gained a firm understanding of sin and grace, the Pilgrim passes his exams and graduates to the vision of God. He, then, becomes a teacher, because he returns to earth with instructions to write about his experiences for the benefit of others. ...

Development and Training Leaders and Managers Essay

Development and Training Leaders and Managers - Essay Example FedEx Corporation, CNN, Hewlett-Packard among others, had difficulty starting their businesses but now end up as megalith corporations looked up by everyone. Analysts account this phenomenon to hard work, business acumen, resilience, effective marketing strategies among others. But almost everyone else agree on two factors that consist as common denominators of all these firms and these are to wit: leadership and effective management. Even in educational administration, these two factors are necessary in order that high education officials be able to properly develop leaders and managers who would make this world a better place to live in. weighing 2.5 tons each be constructed if there was no effective leadership, coordination, management and administration. Or how could Alexander the Great unify and maintain his world empire which stretched across the vast expanse of Asia as well as in parts of Europe and Africa if there was no effective leadership and management ( Gamage & Pang 2003, p.4). Thus, because leadership and management make any organization effective and fruitful and are of paramount importance to any such organization, both must be inculcated and developed in present and future high officials of any organization as well as students in all schools worldwide. Upon the shoulders of all educators and all heads of educational organizations lie the onus of training and developing the qualities of good leadership and effective management in all students in all schools and colleges. Likewise, these educational institutions should also ensure that they develop future efficient education leaders and managers to fortify such role of educational institutions. Thus, in recent years the focus of attention by governments is the development of research and policies and practices that would strengthen educational leadership. The challenge is now to develop the human potential for leadership and management (Bush & Middlewood 2005, p. vii). Educational Leadership and Management The notion of educational leadership varies from one author to another but it is certain that educational leadership involves a process of influence. Thus Yukl defines it as that which "involves a social influence process whereby intentional influence is exerted by one person or group over other people or groups to structure the activities and relationships in a group or3 organization" ( Bush 2003, p.5). But it must be stressed that anyone will have difficulty influencing any group of people if his character is less than sterling i.e. if his personal values and mindset leave much